{Introduction to the Poetry}
1-
Time lines:
[c.a
= circa, which means “around or about.”
·
Classical Ages : GREEK AND ROMANS
(c.a.
400 BCE, c.a. 400 CE) [The style of poem was the Epic]
·
Early Middle Ages : Dark Ages : EUROPE
(c.a.
350 CE, c.a. 1050 CE) [Caedmon’s Hymn, and Beowulf]
·
Late Middle Ages: Dark Ages : EUROPE
(c.a
1050 CE, 1450 CE) [Sir Gawain and the Green Knight]
·
Renaissance : ITALY
(c.a.
15th to 16th CE) [William Shakespeare’s Sonnets]
·
Neoclassical: GERMANY, FRANCE AND ENGLAND
(c.a.
17th to 18th CE) [John Milton Paradise lost]
·
Romantic :
(c.a.
18th to 19th CE) [John Keats Poems]
·
Victorian : BRITISH EMPIRE
(c.a.
19th and 20th CE) [Alfred Lord Tennyson, Poems]
·
Modern :
(20th
and after) [T.S. Eliot, the wasteland]
2-
What is poetry?
·
Sir Phillip Sidney [16th] REASONS AND IDEAS
“An
art of imitation to teach and delight”
·
Alexander Pope [18th] NATURE
“Nature to advantage dressed”
·
William Wordsworth [19th] FEELINGS
“A poem was a spontaneous overflow of powerful emotions”
·
Archbold Macleish [20th] MODERNISM
“
a poem should not mean, but be”
3- Poetic Kinds
Narrative |
Lyrics |
It tells a story with a hero and a sequence of events. | They are subjective, short and have intense feelings |
1-
Epic/Heroic ·
Really long ·
Help explain the origin of the hero. · Believes and values are injected in it. E.g. The Odyssey, Iliad |
1-
Elegy · Mourning a dead person
|
2-
Saga ·
Record adventures in a foreign land ·
Style is larger than life ·
Exaggerate a lot ·
Idealistic · Use colorful metaphors to describe simple things E.g. John Milton, Paradise Lost |
2-
Ode ·
They praise nature · Longer than lyric poems
|
3-
Mock Epic ·
Like Epic but with a silly subject E.g. Alexander Pope, the Rape of the Lock
|
3-
Aubade · About morning
|
4-
Ballad ·
Oral [sung not written] ·
2 or 4 line verses ·
It has a Refrain [chorus, or repeated verse.] ·
Flat characters E.g. Robin Hood
|
4-
Sonnets ·
It has 14 lines ·
There is the Italian and English ones. ·
The English one is about an argument that works in the couplet · The Italian is about generalization.
|
5-
Romance ·
Like ballads but speaks of monsters and fantastical places. E.g. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight.
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